See it explained

Short, hand-drawn animations that show how the eye works and what goes wrong. Each one plays as you scroll to it, and links to the full explanation.

The eye

Inside the eye

A cross-section of the eye, from the lens and pupil at the front to the retina, optic disc, and vitreous gel behind.

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Retina and floaters

How a retinal tear forms

A tear in the retina and the shower of pigment it releases.

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Retina and floaters

Laser treatment for a retinal tear

Laser retinopexy seals the retina back down around the tear.

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Retina and floaters

Retinal detachment

How fluid tracks under the retina and lifts it away.

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Retina and floaters

Posterior vitreous detachment

The vitreous gel peeling away from the retina with age.

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Retina and floaters

Flashes of light

Why traction on the retina is seen as arcs of light.

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Retina and floaters

Migraine aura

A shimmering zigzag in the same place in both eyes.

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Retina and floaters

Flashes of a PVD

A brief arc of light in one eye, often in the dark.

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Retina and floaters

Tobacco dust (Shafer's sign)

Pigment cells in the vitreous, a sign of a retinal tear.

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Retina and floaters

Floaters are shadows

Why a floater is a drifting shadow, not an object in front of you.

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Watery eyes

How tears drain away

The tear drainage system, from the eye down into the nose.

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Watery eyes

Why dry eyes water

How a dry surface triggers a reflex flood of tears.

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Watery eyes

DCR surgery

A new drainage channel to bypass a blocked tear duct.

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Eyelids

Ectropion

An eyelid that turns outward, away from the eye.

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Eyelids

Entropion

An eyelid that turns inward, so the lashes rub.

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Eyelids

Upper eyelid blepharoplasty

How the excess skin of a heavy upper lid is measured and removed.

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Eyelids

Eyelid twitching

The harmless muscle flutter of myokymia.

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